After obtaining a U.S. Green Card (indicating lawful permanent residency), you are not required to return to your home country. A Green Card allows you to live and work permanently in the United States. However, there are a few essential points to consider regarding travel outside of the U.S. and maintaining your permanent resident status:

1. Length of Absence from the U.S.: Leaving the U.S. for extended periods can affect your permanent resident status. Absences of more than six months may lead to questioning whether you intend to make the U.S. your permanent residence upon return. Absences of more than one year without obtaining a re-entry permit before leaving could lead to the assumption that you have abandoned your permanent resident status.
2. Re-entry Permit: If you plan to be outside of the U.S. for one year or more, applying for a re-entry permit before leaving is advisable. This permit can help prevent issues related to the presumption of abandonment of your permanent residency. The re-entry permit is valid for two years and can be used to enter the U.S. when returning from abroad.
3. Maintaining U.S. Ties: To maintain your permanent resident status, it’s crucial to demonstrate ties to the U.S., such as filing U.S. tax returns, holding a U.S. address, and keeping bank accounts or employment in the U.S.
4. Naturalization Considerations: If you’re considering applying for U.S. citizenship through naturalization, you should know the physical presence and continuous residence requirements. Extended absences from the U.S. can impact your eligibility for naturalization.
5. Permanent Move: If you move back to your home country or another country permanently, you can surrender your Green Card by submitting Form I-407 (Record of Abandonment of Lawful Permanent Resident Status) to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

Green Card holders must understand and comply with the requirements for maintaining permanent resident status, especially if they travel outside the U.S. or plan to become U.S. citizens. Consulting with an immigration attorney can provide personalized advice based on individual circumstances.